Model Based Animation

first step you create a model design in our case we made to human models second step you open up IStop motion when the programme is opened you take an image of your first frame. then you move that frame ever so slightly and take another photo this creates the effect that it is a moving image. you take 12 photos per second and our film went on for 10 seconds so we took 120 photos. after this is complete you export the clip and the movie is done.

Nick Park

Nick Park created the animation Walace and Gromit. an example of his work is above.

Otmar Gutman

Otmar Gutman created the hit TV show Pingu an example of his work is above.

Tim Burton 

Tim Burton created many films such as the nightmare before christmas and James and the giant peach an example of his work is above.

Assignment - Unit 8: Understanding structure and funding in the TV and Film industries

Understanding structure and funding in the film industry

Structure

During the production of a Movie, they have to go through the 5 Production features. 1. Development 2. Pre-Production, 3. Production, 4. Post Production, 5. Distribution. At the development stage a producer of a film will go to a Movie company such as Warner Bro's, Disney or Universal and share the idea they have for a movie. However if they aren't well know in the film industry they might start and share there idea to a smaller company Film 4 Productions. Or if the producer want's to make another movie in a franchise or a sequel they will look at Cinema Ticket sales and DVD/Blu-ray sales to see if they first movie was successful enough to make a second or third movie.

The first stage is Development. This is where the planning for the Movie starts. The script for the movie will be wrote over a number of months. Then after that they will work out how much the movie will cost to create, and they will either use the money they have or have it funded, for example from the government. If the movie is a sequel then the distributor will look at the DVD, Blu-Ray and Cinema Ticket sales to see if the first movie did well enough so they don't waste money and it would be the same if it was a franchise they would look at the previous movies. If it isn't the producer would then present the movie ideas to a potential investor who would provide money for the movie to be shot. Then they would do market research and find out who the movie's target audience is. This will also decide what advertisements you will create for the movie, if it's a new kid's movie the advertisements might be toys, and on cereal box's or on food products like cheese-strings. If it's an adult movie you should probably create an intense movie trailer to be online or TV.

The next stage is Pre-Production where after the Film Distributor has given permission for the movie to be created, they will start to create storyboards to create visual images for the movie. The director will be planning the camera angles they will need to use for the movie. Production Designer will create sets, props and outfits for the movie. A location manager will find locations where scenes can be shot for the movie. A script writer will create a script for the Movie which is one of the most important roles because without a script they will be no movie, and a composer will create sound effects and music needed for the production of the movie.

The next stage is Production which is basically the filming of the Movie, where all people working on the movie will be at the scene. Actors will be there, Directors, Composer, Production Designer. Everyone involved will be at the scenes shot of the movie. Most movies require 18 Hour long filming daily until the Movie has been completely filmed.

The next stage is Post-Production where the role of the Video editor will start to edit the Movie, putting together clips, sounds, music and different camera angles to create a movie. Most Films have almost three days worth of footage, but after Post-Production usually only 2-3 Hours is used.

And the final stage is Distribution, so after the movie is completely edited. Distributors will then create promotion for the movie such as Trailers, Merchandise and advertisements. The Movie will then go into Cinema for months, and after the release of the film in the cinema the Distributor will then release the Movie on Disc or Online format such as DVD, Blu-Ray, Sky Story Rental, Netflix or Amazon Prime.

If the Movie has been created by a small independent company usually after the post production, which most of the time is done on a home computer. They will distribute it at Music Festivals to try grab the attention of other people and other Distributors.

Funding 

Funding for Movies sometimes can come from the government. If a company has impressed the government with an idea and they feel it would be successful they will fund the project so they can actually make the Movie to release. The big six Film companies are Universal, Disney, Warner Bro's, Sony, Paramount and 20th Century Fox, and those six companies all have enough money to create any film they want to. They get money from Ticket sales, when Movies are published in the Cinema. They can get money from DVD sales, so when the Movie is out of the Cinema you can purchase the DVD at a store and the company will get a fraction of the money spent. They can also make money off Websites/Apps such as Netflix and Amazon Prime as those companies will pay the Film company an amount of money to show there film on there Website/App. Also some Movies will go on online stores such as iTunes, Google Play, Amazon and sometimes YouTube for a small price to rent. You can also rent the Movies on Sky Movies, so when you purchase the movie the Film Company will get a small fraction of the price, just like when people pay for a Sky Movies Subscription. Sky will pay the Film Company to show there movie on there Channels. Also companies can also make money from producing Merchandise such as Toys, Clothing, Household items and even a Video Game based off the Film. For example "Star Wars: The Force Awakens" grossed $2 Billion Worldwide, and that is made from Cinema ticket sales which alone made $934,898,148. Then the rest is made up with DVD/Blu-Ray Sales, Pay-Per-View on platforms such as Sky Store, and then Merchandise. Such as Toys, Video Games and Clothing.

For TV Show's they will make there money from getting there show's shown on TV Channels. The TV Channel's will pay the Company to show there TV Show weekly, daily or monthly. For example ITV will pay the Distributor "Fremantle Media" and the production companies "Syco Entertainment, Thames and Talkback Thames" will also receive money for their TV Show being shown on TV. For TV Show's shown on BBC Channel's such as Eastenders. BBC make there money off TV License money, so when people pay for there TV License BBC get all the money, and that's how they will pay for TV Show's such as Eastenders and Strictly Come Dancing to have there TV Show shown on BBC. 

Communication Skills Assignment 1: TV Show idea

BOROHOOD

Characters 

• Jamal - Works for "TS10 Crew": Drug Dealer/Killer
• Ricky Boggajohnson - Works for "TS10 Crew": Drug Dealer/Killer
• James - Leader of TS10 Crew
• Carl - Leader of Linthorpe Mafia 

A gang crime film based in Middlesbrough, United Kingdom. There are two main character's. One call Jamal and the other called Ricky. Jamal and Ricky are two best friends who are also working for one of the top gangs in Middlesbrough, known as the TS10 Crew. There main rival gangs are the Linthorpe Mafia. 

The TV Show runs over 6 Episodes and will air on E4. and will start when Jamal and Ricky join the gang. It is not easy for them as the gang members get them to do all the dirty work such as killing people, dropping off and picking up drugs whilst they sit and relax in there home. Known as "The Den". It shows the hard life they are living, and how they feel about it knowing if they don't do what they say they are either beaten up or dead. It also shows what it is like being a rival to other people, and just being scared to know you could get murdered when you walk out your door.

Audience

The target audience is aimed at Males, who are Teenagers/Young adults. As it is a action gang crime series, female's usually aren't interested in those genres but males are. Also older male's are usually interested in Gang crime TV Shows. It also will be suitable for younger people as it will show what life is like being part of a gang, showing that it is bad and you can end making wrong life decisions. So it might influence people not to get involved in something like that or if the people are already involved in gang crime show them that they need to find a way out, and hopefully guide them to help because it will show how their life can end up staying in something as dangerous as gangs.

Market 

Top Boy is the most similar TV Show to Borohood, as they are both in the gang crime genre. Top Boy was similar as it followed two young teenagers as they were dragged into a life of gangs and featured two rival gangs and showed the life of the members as well as when the two gangs clashed.

Top Boy had Two Seasons and 8 Episodes overall. It aired from 2011 to 2013, and aired Channel 4 in the United Kingdom. It now is on Netflix for the world to see. When it aired on Channel 4 the first episode had over 1.1 Million Viewers which was amazing for a first episode in a New series and it continued throughout the show which aired for four night's in a row in 2011 and 2013.

Top Boy's target audience is the same as "Borohood" which is Teenagers/Young Adults. This is because most people who are over the age of 30 aren't really interested in Gang crime as much as younger people. This is because younger people maybe around gang crime more than older people as they might live in area's gang crime happens or are part of a gang themselves so they can relate to it.

Another TV Show that could be compared to Borohood is Power. Power is a crime action TV Show based in New York, where it shows the life of a drug dealer dealing with family problems, and also running New York biggest nightclub. It has many twists and turns, keeping it interesting in every episode.

Power is shown on American TV on the Starz Network. They also put the New Episode's a day late on Netflix for people in other countries for example: United Kingdom. Which is also similar to Top Boy. Top Boy is shown on UK TV on Channel 4 but shown on Netflix for the rest of the world. This what I would want Borohood to do. Show on TV Then be on an On Demand service like Netflix or Amazon Prime Instant Video.

Movies that are similar to Borohood are movies such as Kidulthood, Adulthood and Brotherhood. All three movies are very similar as the focus on gang crime in the United Kingdom. It shows the life the people live, what they get up to and how dangerous being involved in something like that is. it kind of gives a behind the scenes view of what gangs get up to and their life living at home which is what Borohood intends to do. It also shows if people end up on the wrong side of a gang what will happen.

Production

It wouldn't be a huge budget for the production of Brotherhood. I wouldn't need anything special for the production of this project. I would need 10 Actors, there are four main characters as listed above in this document. The others will be in the background part of the gangs, so it doesn't look like there is just a few members in each gang, The other actors won't have any major roles, or speech just standing there and maybe an action scene. The whole series will be set in Middlesbrough. On Linthorpe Road, low class streets and in the main center of Middlesbrough. Scene's include the main characters in their homes, clashing with the rival gang usually ending up in a fight, murder scene. It will also show an average day for them for example shopping in the town center, hanging with friends and making deals with illegal drugs. I will need a wide range of props such as weapons like guns, knifes and knuckle dusters. I would also need fake/pretend illegal drugs such as cocaine, weed and MDMA as those are the most popular drugs to be dealt with in the UK today. I will also need two cars, reasonable price so the budget isn't too high as each gang will need a car to ride around in. The whole budget should cost under £15,000. As i will need to rent camera's, microphones, clothes, rent a car, props and actors.

Proof Read

During the production of a Movie, they have to go through the 5 Production features. 1. Development 2. Pre-Production, 3. Production, 4. Post Production, 5. Distribution. At the development stage a producer of a film will go to a Movie company such as Warner Bro's, Disney or Universal and share the idea they have for a movie. However if they aren't well know in the film industry they might start and share their idea to a smaller company Film 4 Productions. Or if the producer want's to make another movie in a franchise or a sequel they will look at Cinema Ticket sales and DVD/Blu-ray sales to see if they first movie was successful enough to make a second or third movie.

The first stage is Development. This is where the planning for the Movie starts. The script for the movie will be wrote over a number of months. Then after that they will work out how much the movie will cost to create, and they will either use the money they have or have it funded, for example from the government. If the movie were a sequel then the distributor will look at the DVD, Blu-Ray and Cinema Ticket sales to see if the first movie did well enough so they don't waste money and it would be the same if it was a franchise they would look at the previous movies. If it weren’t the producer would then present the movie ideas to a potential investor who would provide money for the movie to be shot. Then they would do market research and find out who the movie's target audience is. This will also decide what advertisements you will create for the movie, if its new kid's movie the advertisements might be toys, and on cereal box's or on food products like cheese-strings. If it's an adult movie you should probably create an intense movie trailer to be online or TV.

ID

Assignment 1: Pre-Production Theory

Pre Production Theory

Film, TV and Video are all a very similar process. All three have to have the same planning such as spider diagrams, spitball idea's and storyboards to help plan the production. However if you chose film it would take a lot longer to create than TV or a Video, as Film's are usually average of 130 minutes in running time, when TV Show's are an average of 30 minutes and video's a little shorter. So if your making a Film, the pre-production will take a serious amount of time to plan compared to a TV Show or Video.



To help time management during pre-production is made up of planning the production of your movie. In pre-production this is where you will make notes, lists, spreadsheets, spider diagrams to help put all of your idea's together to create a film. You would usually start off pre-production by spit-balling idea's on a piece of paper, you do this by writing down in a list the idea's that come into your head such as the genre, story line, actors, budget, equipment, and props. Then you would put all of these ideas together by creating a spider diagram. Here usually you will write down the movie title in the middle and draw arrows coming off it with the actors names, the locations where you will be shooting, equipment needed, props needed. After creating a spider diagram, you would create a budget plan, where you would note down how much you will spend on the area's you need. For example I will spend £500 on a camera, and £200 on props. So you would need to breakdown your overall budget for the movie and divide the money into the sections you need to pay for. Then when noted down locations you will be filming, it is best to visit the sight in case the location is dangerous. You will also need to fill out a risk assessment for each location, noting down what risks are in the area your filming, and what you need to prevent accidents from happening.

When it comes to managing what resources you need to your film it is best to make a list or spider diagram to help remember what you need to create your film. You will need to note down what you need for the production, so you will have to make a list and write down items you need such as Camera's, Lighting and Microphones. You will also need to note down what staff you will need to have to help produce the film such as Camera Operators, Editors, Sound Operators and a Director. Then you need to note down how much food and drinks you need to have to cater for everyone on set. The best way to do this is in Microsoft Excel, note down the items. Then write down the prices for how much the items charge for a day rate of rental. Then you need to note down how many days you will need that specific item for. Then times the price by how many days you need it to get the sub total cost for the item. Then to work out the overall cost by highlighting all of the sub totals in brackets and then you have the overall cost for everything you need to create your movie.
There is an example below where I have noted down i need a Camera, Lighting Kit, Camera Operator, Lighting Operator, Editor, Sound Operator, Director, Food and Drinks and the overall sub total comes up to £3598.5

When it comes to communicating with the people you are working with the film. You should create a plan for each person on set, almost like a timetable. This will help the members of the crew know what time to be on set. Where the next filming locations are, and what they need to be doing on that day so they can prepare as they might need to bring make up if their a make-up artist, camera equipment if they are filming the movie. So it is very important to make a schedule for members on set so the process runs smoothly. Also you will need to create a script for your actors. This is vital because if unless your film does not have any speaking, you will need a script. This is important because the actors need to know what they will be saying, they can also learn what they have to say s they don't have to take the script to set with them, so it is best to produce the script early as it will make the whole process run smooth when it comes to the production of the movie.

When it comes to using music and footage from people who have their music protected by copyright you will need to ask that artist/companies permission to use the audio or footage in your Film. If they give permission you can use it, you will need to provide proof that they allowed you by getting written proof from the person/company itself. This is because if you are contacted because of the use of copyrighted music, you can provide proof because if you don't have proof and you have used the footage/music without permission then you will be in serious trouble as that is illegal. The proof can be verbal so you could call the company/artist to ask if you can use it, you could email the company/artist to ask for permission or you could even sent a written letter in the post and hopefully receive permission back.

This can be provided in Microsoft Word, or it could be in Microsoft Excel as you may need to provide money to the person/company as they might ask for some money for the use if your using it to make money for yourself. You will either pay the company/artist to have the rights to use there music or footage, but you can also pay a ratio of the money you earn to the creator.



Quantitative Media

Examples Of Quantitative Media

Jurassic World was a huge UK Movie in 2015. It grossed £70,000,000 in the United Kingdom. This is an example of secondary research as i have taken it from www.boxofficemojo.com and it is also an example of quantitative research as it's facts and figures of a movie.

I also searched for secondary qualitative research as i looked on www.empireonline.com and they summarized the movie with "The Most notorious theme park in movie history reopens in thrilling, terrific style. Enjoy the ride." 

  

It Follows grossed £1,200,000 in the United Kingdom and wasn't a big film as they thought. This is an example of secondary research as i have taken it from www.boxofficemojo.com and it is also an example of quantitative research. I also looked at reviews on www.empireonline.com and they summarized the movie with "A first-rate horror movie, It Follows adds a new monster to the pantheon expect pranksters to imitate the Follower for cheap shocks soon ?? and has a refreshing, unpretentious sense that a meaningful subtext doesn't??  undercut spookiness."

Grazia Magazine is a popular UK Female magazine. For an example of qualitative media is there ABC1 Profile is 80%, Median Age is 35 and In employment is 82%. and an example of Quantative research is that Grazia made £16,692 i found this information at www.bauermedia.co.uk

Cel Animation

Cel Animation

This is an example of a Cell Animation, as this is an episode from the Kid's TV Show called Mona The Vampire. A Cel Animation is a Animation that is not Computer generated. This means people have created the cartoon by hand. A Cel is another word for a piece of plastic, and they paint it to colors they want and trace around characters and take photo's and put all the images together to make a animation. You have 25 drawings for every second in an episode. An episode of Mona The Vampire is 20 Minutes long so it takes 30,000 images to created one episode. Mona The Vampire aired from 1999 and was created by Sonia Holleyman.

Here is another example of Cel Animation, as this is an video from an episode of The Simpsons which has been running since 1989 and there are still episodes made to this day. The Simpsons was created by Matt Groening. As it is 25 Images for every second in a animation, it will take 45,000 images to create one episode of The Simpsons as it runs for 30 Minutes.